Agriculture in Uttar Pradesh is central to the state’s economy and food security of the nation. While the state has many strengths in terms of natural resources and crop diversity, it faces challenges related to sustainability, productivity, and farmer welfare. Continued policy support, modernization, and education of farmers are key to a more resilient future.
The agriculture scenario in Uttar Pradesh (UP) is a complex mix of strengths and challenges. As one of India's most agriculturally significant states, UP plays a major role in the country's food production. Here's an overview of the current scenario:
Key Highlights
Major Contributor to National Food Grain Output:
UP is the largest producer of wheat and the second-largest producer of rice in India.
The state accounts for over 18% of India’s total food grain output.
Fertile Land and Extensive Irrigation:
The Indo-Gangetic plains offer extremely fertile soil.
Over 75% of the cultivated area is irrigated, primarily through canals and tube wells.
Diverse Cropping Patterns:
Rabi crops: Wheat, barley, mustard.
Kharif crops: Rice, sugarcane, maize, pulses.
Cash crops: Sugarcane (UP is the largest producer in India), potatoes, oilseeds.
High Rural Population: Around 65–70% of the population is engaged in agriculture and allied activities.
Government Initiatives: -
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) – Financial support to small and marginal farmers.
Krishi Sinchai Yojana – Focus on improving irrigation facilities.
UP Agritech Initiatives – Promoting use of digital tools, soil health cards, and mechanization.
Mandi Reforms & eNAM – Encouraging farmers to sell produce online for better prices.
Emerging Trends: -
Organic Farming and Natural Farming are being promoted.
Dairy and Animal Husbandry are growing as secondary sources of income.
Agri-Startups and FPOs (Farmer Producer Organizations) are rising in influence.
Crop Diversification towards fruits, vegetables, and horticulture crops.
About Gorakhpur
Gorakhpur's agricultural landscape is a blend of traditional practices and modern interventions. While the district benefits from fertile soils and supportive government schemes, challenges like flooding, urbanization, and market access need continuous attention to ensure sustainable agricultural development.
